With the August 1 U.S. tariff deadline behind us, what are all the tariffs affecting Canadian businesses now?

With the long list of US tariffs, exemptions, delays and increases announced since January, and the counter-tariffs and exemptions announced by Canada, it’s easy to be confused about what Canadian and US products are actually subject to tariffs, and at what rates.

Let’s start with the US tariffs on Canadian products, including the effect of CUSMA (the Canada-United States-Mexico Agreement), the free trade agreement negotiated during Donald Trump’s first term as President.

US tariffs on Canadian CUSMA-compliant and non-CUSMA-compliant products:

• 50% tariffs apply to steel products and derivatives and aluminum products from the original 2018 steel and aluminum tariff list. This is a change as of June 3 from the 25% tariff that applied only to non-CUSMA-compliant steel and aluminum products.(1)
• 50% tariffs apply to semi-finished copper products (e.g., copper pipes, wires, rods, sheets and tubes) and intensive copper derivative products (e.g., pipe fittings, cables, connectors and electrical components). They do not include copper input materials (e.g., copper ores, concentrates, mattes, cathodes and anodes).(2)

US tariffs on Canadian CUSMA-compliant products:

• 25% tariffs apply to the non-US content in Canadian CUSMA-compliant automobiles.(3)
• Aside from this tariff, and those on steel, aluminum and copper products, no other CUSMA-compliant products are subject to US tariffs.
• Note that the Bank of Canada estimates 95% of Canadian products are now CUSMA-compliant.(4)

US tariffs on Canadian non-CUSMA-compliant products:

• 35% tariffs apply to all Canadian non-CUSMA-compliant products, other than energy products and potash (see below), and steel, aluminum and copper products.
• 35% tariffs apply to Canadian non-CUSMA-compliant automobiles and non-CUSMA-compliant automobile parts.(5)
• 10% tariffs apply to non-CUSMA-compliant energy products and resources, which include: crude oil, natural gas, lease condensates, natural gas liquids, refined petroleum products, uranium, coal, biofuels, geothermal heat, the kinetic movement of flowing water, and critical minerals. The Bank of Canada estimates 100% of Canadian energy exports are CUSMA-compliant.(4)
• 10% tariffs apply to potash that is non-CUSMA-compliant. RBC estimates the bulk of Canadian potash exports are CUSMA-compliant.(6)
• A new 40% tariff applies to non-CUSMA-compliant goods transshipped via another country to evade the 35% Canadian Tariff.(2)
• The U.S. de minimis treatment for low-value shipments will be eliminated as of August 29. Goods valued at $800 or less will now be subject to all applicable duties.(2)

Now, what Canadian products are non-CUSMA-compliant, and therefore subject to the U.S.’s  tariffs on non-CUSMA compliant products?

It’s difficult, if not impossible, to come up with a definitive list. An internet search or AI query will come up dry. Whether a specific product is CUSMA-compliant depends on whether it meets the CUSMA Rules of Origin.(7)

As such, the same type of product made by different manufacturers may each have different CUSMA-compliant statuses depending on where they source their parts and materials. 

Therefore, we were not able to find a “list of non-CUSMA compliant” products, or conversely a list of CUSMA-compliant products.

However, recall that the Bank of Canada estimates 95% of Canadian products are CUSMA-compliant.


How about Canadian counter-tariffs on US products? What specific US products are subject to these tariffs?

Canada’s counter-tariffs have, so far, not changed since March, other than being delayed for some sectors starting in April. Canada imposed three sets of counter-tariffs:

• On March 4, 25% counter-tariffs were imposed on $30 billion worth of US goods imported annually.
• On March 13, 25% counter-tariffs were imposed on a list of steel products worth $12.6 billion and aluminum products worth $3 billion, as well as additional imported US goods worth $14.2 billion, for a total of $29.8 billion.
• On April 9, 25% counter-tariffs were imposed on non-CUSMA compliant US-made vehicles, and on the non-Canadian and non-Mexican content of CUSMA-compliant US-made vehicles. Again, there are no definitive lists of vehicles that are CUSMA-compliant or non-CUSMA-compliant.
• On April 15, the Canadian government announced a 6-month exemption (to October 15) of tariffs on goods imported from the U.S. that are used in Canadian manufacturing, processing and food and beverage packaging, and for those used to support public health, health care, public safety, and national security objectives.(8)
• On April 15, the Canadian government also announced remission is available in respect of the tariffs on Phase 1 goods, the steel and aluminum retaliatory tariffs and the auto retaliatory tariffs.(8)

In terms of specific US products targeted by the March 4 and 13 tariffs, the government of Canada website has a webpage listing each set of products.

However, these two webpages are hundreds of pages long and include painstakingly detailed definitions and descriptions of all the different variations of each product.

So we’ve summarized them here for easy reference.

The following categories of US products are subject to Canada’s 25% counter-tariffs imposed on March 4:

• Food Products (e.g., Fruits, Vegetables, Grains, Oils, Sweeteners, Dairy, Meat)
• Textiles and Apparel (e.g., Clothing, Carpets, Linen)
• Personal Care and Cosmetics
• Household Goods (e.g., Furniture, Appliances, Cleaning Supplies)
• Industrial Materials (e.g., Wood, Plastics, Rubber)
• Machinery and Tools
• Other (e.g., Tobacco, Firearms, Art)

The following categories of US products are subject to Canada’s 25% counter-tariffs imposed on March 13:

• Household Goods (e.g., Candles, Tableware, Household Items)
• Metal Products (e.g., Gold, Iron and Steel Ingots, Aluminum Wire)
• Tools (e.g., Hand Tools, Saw Blades)
• Fixtures and Fittings (e.g., Locks, Pipe Fittings)
• Electronics (e.g., Printers and Copiers, Computers)
• Furniture and Decor (e.g., Furniture, Lighting)
• Recreation and Leisure (e.g., Toys, Sports Equipment)
• Cleaning Supplies (e.g., Brooms & Brushes)
• Personal Care (e.g., Combs & Slides)

For the specific products subject to Canada’s March 4 and 13 counter-tariffs, click here for our simplified list. 

As we can see, Canada’s counter-tariffs on US products are broad. As such, many companies who resell products from the US will see their costs increase, as long as these Canadian counter-tariffs are in place, and unless they find substitutes in Canada or elsewhere at similar prices. 

Companies who buy parts or materials from the US to manufacture or process their products, or package food or beverages, will see their costs increase as of October 15.


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For other ways to navigate the trade war with confidence, get the free complete Trade-War Success Guide for Small to Mid-Size Companies below.

​How can a prairie CEO and their leadership team plan in advance to reduce staff expenses if needed during a potential recession?

Last week, I shared how to prepare a scenario plan to prepare for a looming recession due to the ongoing trade war.

Part of scenario planning is determining in advance what changes you would make to the business for each of three potential scenarios (worst case, best case and middle case) to be proactive about protecting and optimizing the business.

This includes, if needed, identifying any expenses that would be cut. In this kind of scenario, planning to reduce non-staff expenses may not be enough to protect the business.

So, how can we plan to reduce staff expenses while retaining great talent to ramp up quickly when things pick up again?

Some ideas our coaches and clients have chosen or considered in preparing for previous downturns include:

• Asking staff to take a voluntary pay cut with senior managers making a bigger, committed sacrifice? Plan to repay salaries afterward if possible, with interest, again, if possible.
• Reducing all staff to 80% time.
• Having people take all their leave and/or holidays while things are slow.
• Letting people take leave without pay as much as they want.

Look at things from a long term perspective. And the key is to explain in detail why you’re taking a certain approach and sharing all the other actions you’re taking to protect the business.

If ultimately you had to plan to reduce staff, who would you remove and who would you keep? It’s best to know this in advance and be prepared to act swiftly when needed, as letting people go can otherwise be something that is avoided and drawn out, significantly affecting the company’s financial health.

• Use a values-performance talent assessment matrix to identify A players to keep and what B players to keep to develop. Plan to make adjustments at the C and D player levels.
• Plan to let A and promising B players know you want to keep them to encourage them to not look for work elsewhere out of worry for their future.
• In extreme scenarios, a business may go into hibernation and pivot, hibernating their current business while creating a new business that works in the new environment. In this case,  plan to keep the people that would be needed to take you forward with the new business.

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Plan the staff expense reductions for any scenarios that need it, in order to be prepared to take swift action, to conserve cash, protect the business and protect the most jobs possible.


For other ways to navigate these challenging times with confidence, get the free complete Trade-War Success Guide for Small to Mid-Size Companies below.

​How does a prairie CEO and their leadership team go about scenario planning?

As discussed in my previous video and article, as long as tariffs are in play or looming, a recession is a very real possibility in Canada for late 2025 or early 2026.

So how can you be prepared to weather or take advantage of a downturn. Enter scenario planning.

For those less familiar with scenario planning, this practice is about:

1. Envisioning more than one scenario that could play out;
2. Making rational decisions for each scenario in advance of a situation deteriorating, so that we can trigger and execute wise decisions if/when that time comes, rather than reacting emotionally and making knee jerk short-term-focused decisions that hurt the business long term;
3. Making wise decisions and preparations now, which preserve or create options for the future considering those possible future scenarios, eg. setting up back-up suppliers or avoiding perilous cash outlays; and
4. Identifying potential opportunities to grow the business as customer needs and buying patterns change.

The process for scenario planning includes the following:

1. Frame your scenario planning:

• Identify and define realistically plausible scenarios for the duration and depth of potential recession:
  • What do we believe is the best case scenario? What’s the best that demand could be from current and new customers, and what added demand could we see if any opportunities we identified in the trade war work out well?
  • What do we believe is the worst case scenario for the year? What’s the best that demand could be from current and new customers and if any opportunities we identified in the trade war don’t work out?
  • What is the middle case scenario? What’s the more moderate, in-between scenario that could play out? What would that demand be from current and new customers and if any opportunities we identified were partially successful?
• Base your scenarios on credible, trust-worthy information, like central bank forecasts rather than retail bank forecasts.

2. For each realistically plausible scenario above…
 
A. Consider the logical/realistic impacts on your current stakeholders:

• Suppliers and Customers – for example, changes in their business dynamics, and financial profile
• Employees – for example, roles needed or not needed, their likely perceptions, needs and emotional and mental state

B. Will those stakeholder impacts be positive or negative for the business, and how will you respond?

• If positive, how will you adjust your operations to make the most of the opportunity?
• If negative, how will you adjust your operations to address those stakeholder needs if the scenario plays out?

C. Fleshing out of scenarios over time can also include:

• What other actions will you need to take under those three scenarios to address the needs/concerns of each of these stakeholders?
• What will you need to communicate to each stakeholder as soon as possible under each scenario?

D. You may want to start at a high level with the worst realistically plausible scenario and then flesh out the best case and middle case in more detail over the following several weeks. Or you may start with the middle, most likely scenario first and flesh out the best and worst case scenarios afterward.

E. Use a living plan document, with a timestamped “best current view”, and adjust as needed.

3. Have your finance and accounting leader prepare 3 budgets, one for each of these three scenarios (worst case, best case and middle case) and what needs to be done in each to achieve breakeven.

• How much revenue decline can we cope with and when to take action?
• What supply chain lines are going to impact our revenues and when?
• How can we reduce costs? What expenses can we cut to extend our cash runway?
• How can we involve others in the company in our efforts to find expense savings?

Sometimes, certain scenarios may have such a negative impact on your business that reducing non-staff expenses may not be enough to protect the company, and planning to cut staff expenses needs to be considered. More on that next week.


For other ways to navigate these challenging times with confidence, get the free complete Trade-War Success Guide for Small to Mid-Size Companies below.

With the US trade-war in play for a few months now, how likely is a recession in Canada?
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While there is a lot of uncertainty about what the President of the United States will do, there is little uncertainty that the longer tariffs are in place, threats of tariffs are being made, or trade talks are underway, the bigger the impact will be to the North American, and potentially, global economy. 

In fact, economists agree that economic growth was already slowing in Q1 2025 due to the threat of tariffs over those few months, as outlined by RBC’s chief economist Francis Donald in their March 4, 2025 article “US Tariffs on Canada Take Effect: What is the State of Play?”

The Bank of Canada also does a great job of explaining how a recession would unfold due to tariffs, in their January 2025 article “Evaluating the potential impacts of US tariffs”.

The quick and simple explanation is that any tariffs implemented across a broad swath of products will result in increasing prices in most parts of the economy, which will ultimately be reflected in the prices of most products and services that consumers buy. See our April 23 video and article titled “Will Tariffs Silently Eat Your Profits?”

This “supply shock’ type of inflation usually reduces demand in an economy, in contrast to the more common inflation that results from rapid economic growth which reflects increased demand. 

As well, ongoing uncertainty around tariffs and trade agreements are causing businesses to delay investment decisions. 

Both of these dynamics slow down the economy, reducing demand on average across the economy, and increasing unemployment, which further reduces demand. Other factors, like exchange rates and interest rates somewhat mitigate or exacerbate these effects.

Note that both the Bank of Canada and RBC acknowledge that there is no precedent for the level and breadth of tariffs that have been implemented or are being considered. The last time there was anything resembling this was in the 1930s. 

Therefore, both the Bank of Canada and RBC acknowledge that their models may be significantly underestimating the magnitude of the economic downturn that could play out.

As Jim Collins discovered in his research for the best-selling business book Good to Great, “Productive change begins when you confront the brutal facts. Every good-to-great company embraced what we came to call ‘The Stockdale Paradox’: you must maintain unwavering faith that you can and will prevail in the end, regardless of the difficulties, and at the same time, have the discipline to confront the most brutal facts of your current reality, whatever they might be.”

The brutal facts are that economic growth has already slowed, and while we don’t know for sure what will happen, one very real possibility is a significant economic slowdown.

So, how can a small to mid-size prairie-based company CEO plan for a potential downturn when the level, breadth and duration of the trade war is unknown and the extent of that downturn is highly unpredictable.
Enter scenario planning. See next week’s article where I’ll cover how to create a scenario plan to be prepared to take calm, rational action regardless of what happens.


For other ways to navigate these challenging times with confidence, get the free complete Trade-War Success Guide for Small to Mid-Size Companies below.

How are you keeping your leadership team aligned with your trade war plans?

It’s one thing to have a plan to deal with tariffs or prepare for a potential recession. It’s another thing to actually make them happen, especially within the day-to-day whirlwind of sales, serving customers and working with employees. 

Here are some tips for working with your leadership team to execute on your plan:

As a leadership team, identify, assign and capture actions needed to:
o  Gather and filter accurate information
o  Manage supplier relationships
o  Manage customer relationships
o  Look for opportunities
o  Manage cash flow
o  Communicate with employees

Use a living plan document, with a timestamped “best current view” date, and adjust as needed.

Hold a weekly meeting with your leadership team to:
o  Stay aligned on the latest developments with the trade war.
o  Track your latest financial and non-financial metrics, for the company and each function.
o Ensure follow-through on actions relating to suppliers, customers, cash flow and employees and opportunities.
o  Quickly identify and resolve any issues that come up.
o  Keep your team action item list up to date.

Hold a daily huddle with your leadership team to stay in sync regarding:
o  Individual progress made each day
o  Key daily metrics if available
o  Each team member’s top priority for the day
o  Any challenges, issues or blockers that are coming up, so they can be addressed as quickly as possible throughout the week.

These simple team alignment tactics will ensure you and your leadership team are on the same page and executing smoothly.

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For other ways to navigate these challenging times with confidence, get the free complete Trade-War Success Guide for Small to Mid-Size Companies below.

What are you doing to keep employees at ease through this trade war?

Is your prairie based company getting hit hard by tariffs? If so, your staff may get worried about their job and if they will be able to pay their bills. You need to understand what is happening in the mind of an employee.

Most of us CEOs are relatively well off. But our employees are often working paycheck to paycheck. So, their worries about potential job losses are real and reasonable.

Communicate regularly and consistently, weekly or biweekly. Your communications may be 50 to 60% of the same messaging. That’s ok – repetition is the key to retention. And as employees repeatedly hear things in the media that cause them concern, we need to repeat reassurance.

Communicate to staff clearly, promptly and in a balanced manner, including:

1. What the current facts and key issues are.
2. That the objective is to get the business to the other side of the trade war in a strong position, and that life will go on.
3. What you and your leaders are doing to protect the company and employees jobs – what steps you’re taking to preserve cash – and the detailed reasons behind those actions.
4. Reassuranceé that you are doing everything you can to protect the company and their jobs, to make sure they are able to function in their role and help you get through this.
5. Where employees can get help if needed. Encourage all leaders and managers to connect regularly with their people. And point employees to resources you may have, such as counselling or other supports through the Employee Assistance Program in your benefits plan.
6. Encouragement to watch and manage their household costs and finances closely as they experience price increases due to tariffs. This will help demonstrate your caring and encourage them to take ownership for their finances rather than automatically pushing for wage increases, which may not be possible, depending on the financial health of the company through the trade war.

Employees are exposed to large amounts of news and social media content that can be concerning. Calm, consistent, clear messaging is best.

Keep in mind the old saying, “employees need to hear a message seven times for it to stick”. We may be able to taper off the frequency from weekly to bi-weekly, and then monthly as there is less new information, and as employees’ comfort-levels increase.

Our employees need to know that we are aware of the situation and that we are taking action to safe-guard the company. This is about maintaining our culture and employee engagement, which will be critical to how successful our company is in navigating the situation.

For other ways to navigate these challenging times with confidence, get the free complete Trade-War Success Guide for Small to Mid-Size Companies below.

In your prairie-based company, how are you managing cash flow through this trade war?

If your supply costs are increasing and you’re managing price increases to customers, cash inflows and outflows may become mismatched, making cash flow less predictable.

There are a number of tactics companies can use to better manage cash flow through this period, and beyond.

Ask your accounting and finance lead to prepare a weekly cash flow report, showing:

• your current total cash
• the number of weeks of cash reserve you have on hand
• expected payables and receivables over the next 2 to 4 weeks
• and any receivables that are at risk. 

In some faster-moving, highly transactional industries, where the cash position can change quickly, daily cash flow reports may be needed.

Pre-emptively identify cost reduction opportunities, and execute to get those savings. Even small amounts can add up to a large saving if there are a number of them. 

However, be careful not to “sell the furniture”, as some say. Cost-cutting should be done to identify and eliminate unnecessary costs, that are often overlooked during prosperous times. It’s not meant to cut costs that are essential to doing business. Maintaining a level of stability in your facilities, systems, infrastructure, staff and advisors is critical to navigating a trade war and potential economic recession.

Measure your cash conversion cycle, that is, the number of days from a dollar being invested in marketing to a dollar being deposited in the bank. And identify ways to speed up that cycle. 

This includes rethinking your internal processes, reducing mistakes or adjusting your business model, in terms of finding ways to get paid earlier and pay suppliers and vendors later, so you have more cash on hand for longer.

Identify other sources of cash to access in the event you have a cash crunch. Can you negotiate with large creditors or vendors now to preserve cash? Can you get access to more cash if you need it? Can you access government grants or special lending programs?

For some companies, cash flow will be a significant risk through this trade war. Mastering some basic cash flow disciplines can serve them well now, and into the future.


For other ways to navigate these challenging times with confidence, get the free complete Trade-War Success Guide for Small to Mid-Size Companies below.

Whether or not you buy products, parts or materials from the US, you may still face higher costs due to the ongoing trade war.
 
There are four tariff drivers of higher costs. A couple of them are not so obvious:

1. On US products that are subject to Canadian counter-tariffs. Eg. produce you buy from the US and resell here in Canada.
2. On products from US suppliers who will have to pay US tariffs on the parts and materials sourced from Canada or other countries. Eg. a washing machine you buy from the US that uses steel sourced from Canada and electronic components sourced from China.
3. On products from US suppliers who onshore their production to avoid paying US tariffs on parts and materials sourced from other countries, and will produce their products at a higher cost as a result. Eg. a computer you buy from the US for resale whose production has been reshored from China.
4. From price increases from Canadian suppliers who have US suppliers upstream in their supply chains that fall under one or more of the above three situations. Eg. bicycles you buy from a Canadian supplier that has components sourced from the US.

Notice how these tariffs can stack up as these scenarios are combined. A US product can increase in price because it is produced with parts and materials from Canada or other countries that are subject to US tariffs, while that higher priced product can then also be subject to Canadian counter-tariffs, increasing its cost to companies and households here. The product’s price could be further increased by the US company bringing some part of its production back into the US.
 
While these scenarios will be avoided in many cases by companies switching to suppliers in Canada or other countries, the simple fact remains that production costs and prices are likely to increase. Companies source products, parts and materials from companies in countries that can produce the quality of product they want at the lowest price, due to their lower production costs. As production is moved to other countries to avoid the high cost of tariffs, production costs and prices will increase, as long as those cost increases and capital investments are lower than the cost of the tariffs.
 
As such, depending on the extent and amount of tariffs implemented, and how long they are in place, virtually every prairie-based company will face higher supply costs in some way, at some point or over time.
 
Note that indirect price increases, as in points 2, 3 and 4 above, may take months, quarters or years to materialize. The Bank of Canada estimates it will take up to 3 years for the pricing effects of US tariffs and Canadian counter-tariffs to make their way through all parts of the Canadian economy. This could be further complicated and extended with US tariffs on other countries around the world.
 
The bottom line is that, as long as this trade war continues, prices and costs for everyone are likely to increase, and significantly. And so, it’s important to be looking closely and proactively at your costs so you can make adjustments to your operations before they affect your bottom line.
 
For other ways to navigate these challenging times with confidence, get the free complete Trade-War Success Guide for Small to Mid-Size Companies below.

​If you are a prairie CEO who wants to grow a thriving company through these turbulent times, more quickly, more easily and with less stress and headache, please contact me here.

In terms of specific US products targeted by Canada’s March 4 and 13 counter-tariffs, the government of Canada website has a webpage listing each set of products. 

However, these two webpages are hundreds of pages long and include painstakingly detailed definitions and descriptions of all the different variations of each product.

So we've created simplified lists of those products here for easy reference.

Please note that we had an AI create these lists from the orginal Government of Canada webpages. While we had AI verify the accuracy of the lists, there may still be errors. For certainty on a product, search for and verify it on the webpage at the links provided below each list. 

The following US products are subject to Canada’s 25% counter-tariffs imposed on March 4, 2025:

Honey: Natural honey.

Tomatoes: Fresh or chilled tomatoes.

Beans: Fresh or chilled beans.

Nuts: Various other nuts.

Citrus Fruit: Oranges, mandarins, clementines, grapefruit, pomelos, lemons, and limes.

Melons: Watermelons.

Peaches: Fresh peaches.

Frozen Berries: Frozen raspberries, blackberries, mulberries, loganberries, currants, and gooseberries.

Coffee: Roasted or unroasted coffee.

Tea: Green, black, and partly fermented tea.

Spices: Pepper, vanilla, cinnamon, cloves, nutmeg, mace, cardamoms, coriander, cumin, ginger, saffron, turmeric, thyme, bay leaves, and curry.

Rye: Rye.

Oats: Oats.

Rice: Husked, semi-milled, or wholly milled rice.

Rape Seeds: Low erucic acid rape or colza seeds.

Vegetable Extracts: Various vegetable saps and extracts.

Fish Oil: Fats and oils from fish.

Ground-nut Oil: Crude ground-nut oil.

Palm Oil: Palm oil and its fractions.

Sunflower Oil: Sunflower-seed or safflower oil and fractions.

Rape Oil: Rape, colza, or mustard oil and fractions.

Crustaceans: Shrimps and prawns, not in airtight containers.

Sugar: Cane or beet sugar and sucrose.

Molasses: Molasses from sugar extraction or refining.

Sugar Confectionery: Chewing gum, liquorice candy, toffee, and other sugar candies.

Chocolate: Chocolate and food preparations containing cocoa.

Food Preparations: Food preparations of flour, groats, meal, starch, malt extract, and milk products.

Tobacco Products: Unmanufactured tobacco, cigarettes, cigars, and other manufactured tobacco substitutes.

Sands: Silica and quartz sands.

Perfumes: Perfumes and toilet waters.

Cosmetics: Lip, eye, and manicure preparations, powders, and other beauty products.

Hair Preparations: Shampoos, hair lacquers, and other hair care products.

Oral Hygiene: Dentifrices and dental floss.

Personal Care: Shaving preparations, deodorants, bath salts, and room deodorizers.

Soaps: Soaps and surface-active products for washing.

Casein: Casein, caseinates, and casein derivatives.

Albumins: Egg and milk albumin and derivatives.

Protein Substances: Peptones and milk protein substances.

Plastic Coverings: Floor and wall/ceiling coverings of plastics.

Plastic Sheets: Self-adhesive plates, sheets, film, foil, tape, and strip of plastics.

Sanitary Ware: Baths, shower-baths, sinks, wash-basins, lavatory pans, seats, and covers of plastics.

Plastic Containers: Sacks, bags, and other articles for the conveyance or packing of goods.

Household Plastics: Tableware, kitchenware, and other household articles of plastics.

Plastic Building Materials: Reservoirs, tanks, doors, windows, shutters, and other builders' ware of plastics.

Rubber Tires: New and retreaded pneumatic tires for various vehicles.

Rubber Articles: Floor coverings and mats of vulcanized rubber.

Saddlery: Saddles and harnesses for animals.

Luggage: Trunks, suitcases, handbags, wallets, and other similar containers.

Leather Goods: Articles of apparel and accessories made of leather or composition leather, including gloves, mittens, mitts, belts, bandoliers, and other accessories.

Gut Articles: Items made of gut, goldbeater's skin, bladders, or tendons, such as catgut and other related articles.

Sawn Wood: Wood that has been sawn or chipped lengthwise, sliced, or peeled, exceeding 6mm in thickness, including coniferous and tropical wood varieties, as well as oak, beech, maple, cherry, ash, birch, and poplar.

Veneer Sheets: Thin sheets of wood used for veneering, plywood, or similar laminated wood, not exceeding 6mm in thickness, including coniferous and tropical wood varieties.

Shaped Wood: Wood that has been continuously shaped with features like tongues, grooves, rebates, or molding, including coniferous and non-coniferous types like bamboo and tropical wood.

Wood Boards: Boards made of wood or other ligneous materials, such as particle board, oriented strand board (OSB), and fiberboard, including medium density fiberboard (MDF) and other types.

Plywood: Plywood, veneered panels, and similar laminated wood, including those made of bamboo, tropical wood, and other wood varieties.

Builders' Joinery: Wood products used in building construction, such as windows, doors, posts, beams, shuttering, shingles, flooring panels, and engineered structural timber.

Wood Pulp: Mechanical and chemical wood pulp, including dissolving grades.

Paper Products: Envelopes, toilet paper, handkerchiefs, tissues, towels, tablecloths, serviettes, cartons, boxes, bags, stationery items like notebooks and binders, and other paper articles.

Printed Matter: Trade advertising material, commercial catalogs, pictures, designs, photographs, and other printed materials.

Knotted Carpets: Carpets and other textile floor coverings that are knotted, whether made of wool, fine animal hair, or other textile materials.

Woven Carpets: Carpets and other textile floor coverings that are woven, including hand-woven rugs, coconut fiber floor coverings, and pile construction carpets.

Tufted Carpets: Carpets and other textile floor coverings that are tufted, including those made of wool, fine animal hair, nylon, and other man-made textile materials.

Felt Carpets: Carpets and other textile floor coverings made of felt.

Men's Outerwear: Overcoats, car-coats, capes, cloaks, anoraks, wind-cheaters, and wind-jackets for men or boys.

Women's Outerwear: Overcoats, car-coats, capes, cloaks, anoraks, wind-cheaters, and wind-jackets for women or girls.

Men's Suits: Suits, ensembles, jackets, blazers, trousers, bib and brace overalls, breeches, and shorts for men or boys.

Women's Suits: Suits, ensembles, jackets, blazers, dresses, skirts, divided skirts, trousers, bib and brace overalls, breeches, and shorts for women or girls.

Men's Shirts: Shirts for men or boys.

Women's Blouses: Blouses, shirts, and shirt-blouses for women or girls.

Men's Underwear: Underpants, briefs, nightshirts, pyjamas, bathrobes, and dressing gowns for men or boys.

Women's Underwear: Slips, petticoats, briefs, panties, nightdresses, pyjamas, négligés, bathrobes, and dressing gowns for women or girls.

T-shirts: T-shirts, singlets, and other vests.

Knitwear: Jerseys, pullovers, cardigans, waistcoats, and similar knitted or crocheted articles.

Blankets: Various types of blankets and traveling rugs.

Linen: Bed, table, toilet, and kitchen linens.

Curtains: Curtains, drapes, interior blinds, and valances.

Furnishing Articles: Other furnishing articles, excluding those of heading 94.04. (This note is included in the document.)

Sacks and Bags: Sacks and bags used for packing goods.

Tarpaulins and Tents: Tarpaulins, awnings, sunblinds, tents, sails, and camping goods.

Cleaning Cloths: Floor cloths, dish cloths, dusters, and similar cleaning cloths.

Other Articles: Other made-up textile articles, specifically including life-jackets and belts for occupational use, excluding other items listed under 6307.90 that are specifically noted.

Textile Sets: Sets of woven fabric and yarn for making textile articles.

Worn Clothing: Worn clothing and other worn textile articles.

Rags and Scrap: Used or new rags, scrap twine, cordage, rope, and cables.

Waterproof Footwear: Waterproof footwear with rubber or plastic outer soles and uppers.

Other Footwear: Various other footwear with rubber or plastic outer soles and uppers.

Leather Footwear: Footwear with leather uppers and various types of outer soles.

Textile Footwear: Footwear with textile uppers and various types of outer soles.

Other Footwear: Other types of footwear.

Hats and Headgear: Various types of hats and headgear, including safety headgear.

Sanitary Fixtures: Ceramic sinks, wash basins, baths, toilets, and similar items.

Glassware: Tableware, drinking glasses, and other decorative glassware.

Precious Materials: Diamonds, silver, and platinum in various forms.

Jewelry: Articles of jewelry and imitation jewelry.

Stoves: Domestic cooking appliances made of iron or steel.

Hand Tools: Saws, pliers, wrenches, screwdrivers, and various other tools.

Cutlery: Knives, razors, scissors, and other cutlery items.

Tableware: Spoons, forks, ladles, and other kitchen or tableware.

Locks: Padlocks and other locks made of base metal.

Fans: Table, floor, and other types of electric fans.

Refrigeration: Refrigerators and freezers for household use.

Kitchen Machinery: Equipment for cooking, washing dishes, and other kitchen tasks.

Snow Removal: Snow-ploughs and snow-blowers.

Lawn Mowers: Mowers for lawns, parks, and sports grounds.

Washing Machines: Household or laundry-type washing machines.

Textile Machinery: Machines for drying textiles.

Power Tools: Pneumatic and electric hand tools.

Vacuum Cleaners: Vacuum cleaners with electric motors.

Domestic Appliances: Food grinders, mixers, juice extractors, and other appliances.

Personal Care: Shavers, hair clippers, and hair-removing appliances.

Hair Appliances: Hair dryers, curlers, and hand dryers.

Irons: Electric smoothing irons.

Ovens: Microwave ovens and other cooking ovens.

Coffee Makers: Electric coffee and tea makers.

Toasters: Electric toasters.

Vaporizers: Electronic cigarettes and similar devices.

Motorcycles: Various types of motorcycles and related vehicles, including those with different engine sizes and electric motors.

Unmanned Aircraft: Different kinds of unmanned aircraft, including those designed for passenger transport and remote-controlled models with varying weights.

Firearms: Revolvers, pistols, shotguns, rifles, and other related devices, including those used for sporting, hunting, and signaling.

Air Guns: Spring, air, or gas guns and pistols.

Ammunition: Various types of ammunition, including shotgun cartridges and other cartridges for different purposes.

Seats: A range of seats, including swivel seats, convertible seats, and seats made from different materials like wood, metal, cane, or rattan.

Furniture: Metal, wooden, and plastic furniture for offices, kitchens, bedrooms, and other uses, including items made from bamboo and rattan.

Bedding: Mattress supports, mattresses, quilts, bedspreads, eiderdowns, duvets, pillows, and cushions.

Lighting: Chandeliers, ceiling lights, table lamps, floor lamps, Christmas tree lights, and other electric and non-electric lighting fixtures.

Games: Coin-operated games and playing cards.

Lighters: Pocket lighters, both refillable and non-refillable.

Paintings: Original paintings, drawings, and pastels by artists.


The following products are subject to tariffs once their import volume has reached a certain quota.

Live Poultry: Chickens, ducks, geese, turkeys, and guinea fowl.

Poultry Meat: Fresh, chilled, or frozen cuts and offal of chickens and turkeys.

Poultry Fat: Fat from chickens and turkeys, not rendered or extracted.

Processed Poultry: Salted, in brine, dried, or smoked meat and offal of chickens and turkeys.

Dairy Products: Milk, cream, yogurt, buttermilk, whey, butter, cheese, and curd.

Eggs: Fresh, preserved, or cooked birds' eggs, and egg yolks.

Wheat: Durum and other types of wheat.

Barley: Barley.

Wheat Flour: Wheat or meslin flour.

Margarine: Margarine and butter substitutes.

Sausages: Sausages and similar products made from meat and poultry.

Prepared Meat: Prepared or preserved meat and offal.

Pasta: Uncooked pasta, including egg pasta.

For the full 370-page list from the government of Canada, see:
https://www.canada.ca/en/department-finance/news/2025/03/list-of-products-from-the-united-states-subject-to-25-per-cent-tariffs-effective-march-4-2025.html


The following US products are subject to Canada’s 25% counter-tariffs imposed on March 13, 2025:

Candles: Tapers and similar items.

Adhesives: Glues and adhesive products for retail sale.

Umbrellas: Garden umbrellas and other types of umbrellas, including those with telescopic shafts.

Walking Sticks: Canes, including those for hospital use.

Tableware: Porcelain, china, and ceramic tableware, kitchenware, and household articles.

Ornamental Ceramics: Statuettes and other decorative ceramic items.

Other Ceramic Articles: Various ceramic products not elsewhere specified.

Gold: Unwrought and semi-manufactured gold, excluding monetary forms.

Platinum: Unwrought, semi-manufactured platinum, and platinum powder.

Precious Metal Scrap: Waste and scrap of gold, platinum, and other precious metals.

Pearl Articles: Items made from natural or cultured pearls.

Stone Articles: Items made from precious or semi-precious stones.

Imitation Jewelry: Various types of imitation jewelry, including cuff-links, studs, and brass chains.

Iron and Steel Ingots: Basic forms of iron and non-alloy steel.

Semi-Finished Steel: Rectangular and other semi-finished steel products.

Flat-Rolled Steel: Various forms of flat-rolled iron and non-alloy steel, including hot-rolled, cold-rolled, and coated types.

Steel Bars and Rods: Hot-rolled, forged, and other bars and rods of iron and non-alloy steel.

Steel Shapes and Sections: Angles, shapes, and sections of iron and non-alloy steel.

Steel Wire: Wire of iron and non-alloy steel, both coated and uncoated.

Stainless Steel: Ingots, semi-finished products, flat-rolled products, bars, rods, and wire of stainless steel.

Alloy Steel: Ingots, semi-finished products, flat-rolled products, bars, rods, and wire of other alloy steel types.

Steel Piling: Sheet piling and welded angles, shapes, and sections of iron or steel.

Railway Materials: Track construction materials including rails, switches, and other parts for railways or tramways.

Seamless Pipes: Tubes and pipes made of iron or steel without any seams, used for various purposes including oil and gas pipelines.

Welded Pipes: Other tubes and pipes, welded or similarly closed, used in various applications such as oil and gas pipelines and casing.

Pipe Fittings: Connectors and accessories for tubes and pipes, like couplings, elbows, and flanges, made of iron or steel.

Structural Parts: Components used in building structures such as bridges, towers, doors, and scaffolding, made of iron or steel.

Storage Containers: Tanks, reservoirs, and containers for various materials (excluding gases), of different sizes and capacities, made of iron or steel.

Gas Containers: Containers specifically designed for compressed or liquefied gas, made of iron or steel.

Wire and Cables: Stranded wire, ropes, cables, and similar items made of iron or steel, not electrically insulated.

Barbed Wire: Barbed wire and twisted wire used for fencing, made of iron or steel.

Wire Products: Cloth, grills, netting, fencing, and expanded metal made of iron or steel wire.

Chain Products: Different types of iron or steel chains and their parts, including roller chain, skid chain, and stud-link chain.

Anchors: Anchors and grapnels, along with their parts, made of iron or steel.

Fasteners: Nails, tacks, drawing pins, corrugated nails, staples, screws, bolts, nuts, rivets, cotters, washers, and similar articles of iron or steel.

Pins: Sewing needles, knitting needles, bodkins, crochet hooks, embroidery stilettos, safety pins, and other pins of iron or steel.

Springs: Various types of iron or steel springs and leaves for springs.

Stoves and Parts: Stoves, ranges, cookers, barbecues, braziers, gas-rings, plate warmers, and their parts made of iron or steel.

Heating Equipment: Radiators for central heating, air heaters, and hot air distributors, and their parts made of iron or steel.

Household Items: Table, kitchen, and other household articles, iron or steel wool, and pot scourers made of iron or steel.

Sanitary Ware: Sinks, wash basins, baths, and other sanitary ware items and parts made of iron or steel.

Cast Iron/Steel Articles: Other cast articles of iron or steel, excluding certain oil and gas well and potash/rock salt deposit equipment.

Iron/Steel Articles: Other articles of iron or steel, forged, stamped, or wired, excluding specific wellhead tubing heads and casing head spools, and certain oilfield-related couplings and fishing tools.

Unwrought Aluminum: Aluminum in its raw, unprocessed form.

Aluminum Bars/Rods/Profiles: Aluminum shapes such as bars, rods, and profiles.

Aluminum Wire: Aluminum wire of varying dimensions.

Aluminum Plates/Sheets/Strip: Flat aluminum pieces exceeding 0.2 mm in thickness.

Aluminum Foil: Aluminum foil, backed or not, less than 0.2 mm thick.

Aluminum Tubes/Pipes: Tubes and pipes made of aluminum.

Aluminum Fittings: Couplings, elbows, and sleeves for aluminum tubes or pipes.

Aluminum Structures: Structures and structural parts made from aluminum, excluding prefabricated buildings of heading 94.06.

Aluminum Cables: Aluminum stranded wire, cables, and plaited bands.

Household Aluminum: Tableware, kitchenware, and sanitary ware made of aluminum.

Other Aluminum Articles: Nails, tacks, screws, and various other aluminum items, excluding certain items for specific manufacturing processes or scientific uses.

Hand Tools (Agriculture): Spades, shovels, mattocks, picks, hoes, forks, rakes, axes, bill hooks, secateurs, pruners, scythes, sickles, hay knives, hedge shears, and timber wedges, excluding certain heads for manufacturing and climbing equipment.

Saw Blades: Blades for various types of saws, including band, circular, and chain saws.

Hand Tools (General): Files, rasps, pliers, pincers, tweezers, metal cutting shears, pipe-cutters, bolt croppers, perforating punches, hammers, and sledge hammers, excluding certain climbing equipment and heads for manufacturing.

Interchangeable Tools: Tools for pressing, stamping, punching, tapping, threading, drilling, boring, broaching, milling, turning, and rock drilling, excluding specific tools with cermet working parts and certain nozzles for vacuum cleaners.

Machine Blades: Knives and cutting blades for machines and mechanical appliances.

Cermet Tool Tips: Plates, sticks, and tips for tools, made of cermets.

Hand-Operated Appliances: Mechanical appliances for food or drink preparation.

Locks: Padlocks, key-operated locks, combination locks, and lock parts, specifically excluding locks of a kind used for furniture and certain locks for portfolios, luggage, tackle boxes, and window manufacture.

Fittings for Furniture/Buildings: Hinges, castors, door exit devices, window operators, and other fittings for furniture and buildings, excluding certain specific items used in window manufacturing and railway coaches.

Safes and Boxes: Armored safes, strong-boxes, and cash boxes.

Office Equipment: Filing cabinets, card-index cabinets, paper trays, and other similar office equipment.

Office Articles: Fittings for binders and files, letter clips, paper clips, and staples, excluding certain fittings for multiple ring binders.

Bells and Ornaments: Bells, gongs, statuettes, frames, and mirrors, specifically excluding church bells.

Flexible Tubing: Tubing made of iron, steel, or other base metals.

Clothing Accessories: Hooks, eyes, eyelets, tubular rivets, and other parts.

Packing Accessories: Stoppers, caps, lids, and other packing items.

Sign Plates: Name-plates, address-plates, and similar plates.

Welding Products: Electrodes, cored wire, and rods used for soldering, brazing, and welding.

Water Heaters: Non-electric instantaneous or storage water heaters, including gas and solar types.

Jacks and Hoists: Jacks and hoists used for raising vehicles, including hydraulic types.

Printers and Copiers: Printers and copiers capable of connecting to a computer or network.

Computers: Portable and other automatic data processing machines, including input/output units and storage units.

Electric Lamps: Portable electric lamps, including flashlights and miners' safety lamps.

Electric Heaters: Electric instantaneous or storage water heaters and electric space heating apparatus.

Telephones: Line telephone sets with cordless handsets, smartphones, and other telephones for cellular or wireless networks, as well as network communication equipment.

Audio Equipment: Microphones, loudspeakers, headphones, and audio-frequency electric amplifiers.

Monitors and Televisions: Monitors not incorporating television reception apparatus, and color high-definition televisions with flat panel screens.

Vehicle Windows: Front windscreens (windshields), rear windows, and other specified windows for motor vehicles.

Watches: Wristwatches, electrically operated or with automatic winding.

Seats: Chairs and related items, including parts of wood and other parts.

Furniture: Other furniture items, including parts of wood and other parts.

Bedding: Mattress supports, sleeping bags, and similar furnishings.

Lighting: Luminaires, lighting fixtures, illuminated signs (including LED), and parts of glass, plastics, and other materials.

Buildings: Prefabricated buildings, including modular units of steel, and silos.

Toys: Wheeled toys for children, dolls' carriages, and other toys.

Games: Video game consoles and machines, as well as other parlour games.

Festive Articles: Items specifically for Christmas festivities and other festive articles.

Sports Equipment: Skis, ski bindings, water-sport equipment (including sailboards), golf equipment (including balls), table-tennis equipment, rackets (including tennis and badminton), sports balls (including tennis and inflatable), and general exercise equipment.

Fishing Tackle: Fishing rods, reels, lines (including retail packaged lines), and other fishing requisites.

Amusement Rides: Roller coasters, carousels, swings, roundabouts, dodge'em cars, motion simulators, moving theaters, water rides and water park amusements.

Fairground Amusements: Various items typically found at fairgrounds.

Travelling Theatres: Mobile theatrical productions.

Brooms & Brushes: Various types of brooms and brushes made from twigs or other materials.

Toilet Brushes: Brushes for personal use, excluding electric toothbrushes.

Artists' Brushes: Brushes used for painting and cosmetic application.

Paint Applicators: Rollers and pads used for painting.

Machine Brushes: Brushes that are parts of machines or vehicles.

Other Cleaning Tools: Various other types of brooms, floor sweepers, and mops.

Hand Sieves: Manual tools for sifting or straining.

Travel Sets: Kits containing personal toilet items, sewing supplies, or shoe/clothes cleaning items.

Writing Boards: Slates and boards with surfaces for writing or drawing.

Hand Stamps: Date, sealing, or numbering stamps designed for hand operation.

Lighters: Table lighters and other types of lighters.

Smoking Pipes: Pipes and pipe bowls, specifically meerschaum pipes, excluding those composed in part of briar wood, and roughly shaped blocks of wood or root for pipes.

Combs & Slides: Hair combs, hair-slides, and similar items.

Toilet Sprays: Scent sprays and similar toilet sprays.

Powder Puffs: Pads for applying cosmetics or toilet preparations.

Tripods: Tripods for photographic cameras, monoculars, and other instruments.

For the full 225 page list from the government of Canada, see:
https://www.canada.ca/en/department-finance/news/2025/03/list-of-products-from-the-united-states-subject-to-25-per-cent-tariffs-effective-march-13-2025.html

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If you are a prairie CEO who wants to grow a thriving company through these turbulent times, more quickly, more easily and with less stress and headache, please contact me here.  https://www.wellspring.co/contact-us.html